The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) expanded the approved use of Oncaspar to include treating children and adults with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) as part of a multiple drug chemotherapy regimen. FDA previously approved Oncaspar in 1994 only for patients with ALL who were unable to receive the cancer drug L-asparaginase because they were allergic to that drug.
Oncaspar is one of the first FDA-approved products that will come with prescription information in a new format designed to provide clear and concise information to health professionals.
"Today's announcement further demonstrates FDA's commitment to improving the quality of life for cancer patients. This treatment is a valuable alternative to current therapy," said Dr. Steven Galson, Director of FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.
Leukaemia is a cancer of the white blood cells; patients with acute leukaemia have ineffective white blood cells that cannot help the body fight infections. An estimated 25,000 new cases of leukaemia will be diagnosed in the United States during 2006. Of these new leukaemia cases, approximately 6,500 will be the ALL type of leukaemia, of which approximately 2,500 will occur in children and 4,000 will occur in adults.
The use of Oncaspar in place of the currently used drug, L-asparaginase, markedly reduces the number of drug injections required, from 21 injections of Elspar (L-asparaginase), which has been the standard of care, to three injections with Oncaspar over the 20-week course of treatment.
The approval is based on a randomized multi-centre trial conducted by the Children's Cancer Group, a National Cancer Institute-funded cooperative oncology group, in 118 paediatric patients. In the trial, researchers demonstrated that Oncaspar could be safely and effectively substituted for Elspar as part of a multi-drug cancer regimen.
Serious side effects with Oncaspar include anaphylaxis (allergic shock), other serious allergic reactions, blood clots, stroke, pancreatitis, glucose intolerance and bleeding problems.