The GBG 26 - TBP study of the German Breast Group addressed the question of whether the treatment of women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer with trastuzumab is effective beyond progression (Trastuzumab Beyond Progression TBP).
In this study, women with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer who had progressed on prior trastuzumab treatment were treated either with a combination of trastuzumab (Herceptin) and capecitabine (Xeloda) or capecitabine alone.
The primary objective of the study was to find out whether the continuation of trastuzumab treatment beyond progression could improve the efficacy of chemotherapy, in this case capecitabine, and hence progression of the disease would occur significantly later than with capecitabine therapy alone.
Further endpoints were response rate, duration of response, clinical benefit, side effects and overall survival of treatment with capecitabine with or without continuation of trastuzumab.
Between January 2004 and May 2007, 156 patients in total were included in the study, of whom 78 received the combination of trastuzumab and capecitabine and 78 received capecitabine monotherapy.
The GBG 26 study is the only randomized study worldwide that has prospectively demonstrated the efficacy of trastuzumab treatment beyond disease progression.
The first evidence for the effectiveness of trastuzumab treatment beyond disease progression was obtained from pre-clinical studies, which led to the frequent use of trastuzumab in this setting in clinical practice. Several non-randomized studies with women who had received prior trastuzumab treatment have already provided preliminary evidence for an increase in efficacy by continuing trastuzumab therapy. Due to the retrospective nature of these studies, however, the results might be biased by patient selection.
Only the prospective, randomized GBG 26 - TBP study enables a definitive recommendation of continued treatment of trastuzumab beyond progression now.
The GBG 26 study was conducted by the German Breast Group in international collaboration with study groups and centers in Austria, The Netherlands, and Slovenia, Denmark and Great-Britain.
The results of the study were presented by Prof Dr Gunter von Minckwitz on behalf of the study group at the European Society of Medical Oncology conference (ESMO) in Stockholm on September 14, 2008.
The German Breast Group is a group of scientifically active physicians, investigating preventive, preoperative, adjuvant and palliative treatments for breast cancer in the framework of clinical studies.