The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Fast Track designation to the Pfizer’s investigational Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) vaccine candidate (PF-06425090). Currently in phase 2 clinical development, the vaccine candidate is designed to prevent C. difficile-associated disease, which can include life-threatening diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis.
 
“C. difficile is a growing, difficult-to-treat healthcare-associated infection,” said Dr. Emilio Emini, senior vice president of vaccine research and development for Pfizer. “No vaccine is currently available to prevent the infection-associated disease. In the United States alone, there are approximately 250,000 cases of C. difficile-associated disease, resulting in approximately 14,000 deaths each year.”
 
The FDA’s Fast Track approach is a process designed to facilitate the development and expedite the review of new drugs and vaccines intended to treat or prevent serious conditions and address an unmet medical need.
 
Clostridium difficile (klos-TRID-e-um dif-uh-SEEL), often called C. difficile, is the most frequent cause of healthcare-associated infections. C. difficile is a spore-forming, Gram-positive anaerobic bacillus that produces two exotoxins: toxin A and toxin B. It is a common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) and accounts for 15-25 per cent of all episodes of AAD.
 
Illness from C. difficile most commonly affects older adults in hospitals or in long-term care facilities and typically occurs after use of antibiotic medications. However, studies show increasing rates of C. difficile infection among people traditionally not considered high risk, such as younger and healthy individuals without a history of antibiotic use or exposure to healthcare facilities.
 
Infection with C. difficile places a significant burden on healthcare facilities and has been shown to substantially increase hospital costs, hospital length of stay, and contribute to mortality.